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中华产科急救电子杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (02) : 70 -76. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3259.2026.02.002

论著

妊娠合并恶性肿瘤50例临床分析
阎萍, 谭美玲, 娄浩, 严小丽, 王丹()   
  1. 400038 重庆,陆军军医大学第一附属医院(西南医院)妇产科
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-09 出版日期:2026-05-18
  • 通信作者: 王丹
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0169); 重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重点项目(CSTB2022TIAD-KPX0173)

Clinical analysis of 50 cases of pregnancy complicated with malignancy

Ping Yan, Meiling Tan, Hao Lou, Xiaoli Yan, dan Wang()   

  1. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital(Southwest Hospital)of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
  • Received:2026-01-09 Published:2026-05-18
  • Corresponding author: dan Wang
引用本文:

阎萍, 谭美玲, 娄浩, 严小丽, 王丹. 妊娠合并恶性肿瘤50例临床分析[J/OL]. 中华产科急救电子杂志, 2026, 15(02): 70-76.

Ping Yan, Meiling Tan, Hao Lou, Xiaoli Yan, dan Wang. Clinical analysis of 50 cases of pregnancy complicated with malignancy[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Obstetric Emergency(Electronic Edition), 2026, 15(02): 70-76.

目的

分析妊娠合并恶性肿瘤的疾病谱、临床特点、治疗策略及母胎结局,以指导临床多学科协作诊疗,从而提高确诊率,改善母胎预后。

方法

回顾性分析2015年2月至8月陆军军医大学第一附属医院收治的50例妊娠合并恶性肿瘤病例,总结其肿瘤种类、临床表现、诊断方法、治疗策略及母胎结局。

结果

50例恶性肿瘤患者中占比最多的是血液系统肿瘤(17/50,34.0%),其次为宫颈癌(6/50,12.0%)、乳腺癌(5/50,10.0%)和卵巢癌(4/50,8.0%)。50例患者中2例为分娩后明确诊断;22例放弃妊娠(22/50,44.0%),其中21例终止妊娠,1例明确诊断后死亡;26例患者继续妊娠(26/50,52.0%),其中早产17例,足月妊娠9例。继续妊娠患者中12例(12/50,24.0%)在妊娠期间接受治疗(5例手术,7例化疗)。截至随访日期,患者存活39例(78.0%),死亡7例(14.0%),失访4例(8.0%)。28例新生儿除2例失访,其余26例均存活,生长发育无明显异常。

结论

妊娠期恶性肿瘤临床表现易与妊娠生理变化混淆,早期诊断依赖对孕期异常症状的警惕及针对性检查。治疗需由多学科团队根据肿瘤类型、分期及孕周制定个体化方案,恶性肿瘤不是终止妊娠指征,通过规范手术、新辅助化疗等恰当处理,可在控制肿瘤的同时继续妊娠并获得健康子代,实现母体治疗与胎儿安全的双重目标。

Objective

To analyze the disease spectrum, clinical characteristics, treatment strategies, and maternal-fetal outcomes of pregnancy complicated with malignancy, so as to provide evidence for multidisciplinary collaboration in clinical practice to improve the diagnosis rate and optimize maternal-fetal prognosis.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 50 cases of pregnancy associated with malignancy admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) from February 2015 to August 2025. The tumor types, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, treatment strategies, and pregnancy outcomes were summarized.

Results

Among the 50 patients with malignancies, the most common were hematological tumors(17/50, 34.0%), followed by cervical cancer(6/50, 12.0%), breast cancer(5/50, 10.0%), and ovarian cancer(4/50, 8.0%).Two cases were definitively diagnosed after delivery. Twenty-two patients terminated their pregnancy (22/50, 44.0%), including 21 cases of pregnancy termination and 1 case of death after definitive diagnosis. Twenty-six patients continued their pregnancies (26/50, 52.0%), including 17 preterm births and 9 full-term deliveries. Among those who continued pregnancy, 12 (12/50, 24.0%) received treatment during gestation (5 underwent surgery and 7 received chemotherapy). As of the follow-up date, 39 patients survived (78.0%), 7 died (14.0%), and 4 were lost to follow-up (8.0%). Of the 28 newborns, 2 were lost to follow-up, and the remaining survived with no obvious abnormalities in growth and development.

Conclusions

Clinical manifestations of malignant tumors during pregnancy are easily confused with physiological changes of pregnancy. Early diagnosis relies on vigilance toward abnormal symptoms and targeted examinations. Treatment should be individualized by a multidisciplinary team based on tumor type, stage, and gestational age. Malignant tumor is not an indication for pregnancy termination. With appropriate management such as standardized surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy, tumor control can be achieved while continuing pregnancy to obtain healthy offspring, realizing the dual goals of maternal treatment and fetal safety.

表1 26例妊娠合并恶性肿瘤继续妊娠患者及新生儿资料
序号 肿瘤来源 临床分期 诊断孕周(周) 终止妊娠孕周(周) 妊娠期间肿瘤治疗 分娩方式 是否早产 新生儿结局 孕母结局
1 额叶脑胶质瘤 WHO 3级 21+4 34+1 手术 剖宫产 存活 存活
2 脑干延髓巨大室管膜瘤 WHO 2级 20+3 37+6 手术 阴道分娩 存活 存活
3 额颞岛胶质细胞瘤 WHO 3级 21+4 38+6 手术 剖宫产 存活 存活
4 鼻咽癌 T1N0M0 34+6 35+5 未治疗 剖宫产 存活 存活
5 甲状腺乳头状癌 T1bN0M0 36+2 39+6 未治疗 剖宫产 存活 存活
6 甲状腺乳头状癌 T1aN0M0 12+6 38+5 未治疗 剖宫产 存活 存活
7 乳腺浸润性导管癌 ypT3N3aM0 24+5 34+1 化疗 剖宫产 存活 存活
8 乳腺浸润性导管癌 ypT3N1M0 31+2 37 化疗 剖宫产 存活 死亡,32个月*
9 乳腺导管癌 ypT4NxM1 29+5 34+6 化疗 剖宫产 存活 存活
10 乳腺导管癌 ypT1cN1aMx 31 35+1 化疗 剖宫产 存活 存活
11 乳腺浸润性导管癌 cT4N3bM1 24+6 28 未治疗 剖宫产 存活 存活
12 降结肠癌 cT3N1Mx 29+2 39 未治疗 阴道分娩 存活 存活
13 原发性肝癌 cT4N1Mx 30+4 31+1 未治疗 剖宫产 失访 失访
14 卵巢原始神经外胚层肿瘤 pT3cN1M0 31+5 35 手术 剖宫产 存活 死亡,14个月*
15 卵巢黏液性癌 pT2aN0M0 15+2 37+6 未治疗 阴道分娩 存活 存活
16 卵巢幼年型粒层细胞瘤 pT3cN0M0 17+2 36+5 手术 阴道分娩 存活 存活
17 宫颈鳞状细胞癌 ypTbN0M0 26+6 36+3 化疗 剖宫产 存活 存活
18 宫颈鳞状细胞癌 ypT3cN1M0 29+6 34+2 化疗 剖宫产 存活 死亡,34个月*
19 宫颈鳞状细胞癌 pT1bN0M0 35+3 37+6 未治疗 剖宫产 存活 存活
20 宫颈鳞状细胞癌 ypT2aN0M0 23 34+1 化疗 剖宫产 存活 存活
21 Burkitt淋巴瘤 Ⅳ期B组 34+3 34+6 未治疗 剖宫产 存活 存活
22 AML AML伴成熟型,无遗传学异常,低危 37 37+1 未治疗 剖宫产 存活 存活
23 AML AML伴RUNX1::RUNX1T1融合,低危 33+6 36 未治疗 剖宫产 失访 失访
24 AML AML伴其他明确的细胞遗传学异常,嵌合型+8,中危 31 32+2 未治疗 剖宫产 存活 存活
25 AML AML伴CBFB::MYH11融合,低危 28+2 30+6 未治疗 剖宫产 存活 存活
26 慢性髓细胞白血病 慢性期 31+4 33 未治疗 剖宫产 存活 存活
表2 22例妊娠合并恶性肿瘤放弃妊娠患者及2例分娩后诊断患者资料
序号 肿瘤来源 临床分期 诊断孕周(周) 终止妊娠孕周(周) 妊娠期间肿瘤治疗 终止妊娠方式 终止妊娠后是否治疗 孕母结局
1 颅内多发胶质母细胞瘤 WHO 4级 27 28+3 未治疗 剖宫取胎 手术 死亡,20个月*
2 肺腺癌 cT4N1M1c 21 23+2 未治疗 引产 靶向治疗 存活
3 肺腺癌 cT4NxM1 13 孕妇死亡 未治疗 母亲死亡 未治疗 死亡,9 d*
4 膀胱神经内分泌瘤 pT4aN1M1 25+3 28+2 未治疗 引产 未治疗 死亡,20个月*
5 胃腺癌 cT4N1M1 15+3 13+6 未治疗 引产 未治疗 死亡,12 d*
6 结肠癌 pT4aN1bM1c 15+3 18+6 未治疗 引产 手术+化疗 存活
7 胰腺腺泡细胞癌 pT2N0M0 20+6 21+2 未治疗 引产 手术 存活
8 子宫内膜间质肉瘤 pT3bN0M1 17+1 20 未治疗 难免流产 手术+放疗 存活
9 卵巢癌 pT1cN0M0 16+3 21 未治疗 引产 手术 存活
10 宫颈鳞状细胞癌 pTbN0M0 6 7+1 未治疗 人工流产 手术+放疗 存活
11 宫颈鳞状细胞癌 pT3cN0M0 16+3 17+2 未治疗 引产 手术+放疗 存活
12 AML AML伴CEBPA双突变,低危组 17+6 18 化疗 引产 化疗+自体造血干细胞移植 存活
13 AML 急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APL)伴PML-RARA融合,中危 25+6 32+2 化疗 死胎引产 化疗 存活
14 AML 急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APL)伴PML-RARA融合,中危 21 22+4 化疗 死胎引产 化疗 存活
15 AML AML未分化型,无遗传学异常,高危 33 33+5 化疗 死胎引产 化疗 存活
16 AML AML伴t(16;21)(p11.2; q22.2)/ FUS::ERG融合(TLS::ERG阳性),高危 12+1 12+5 未治疗 引产 化疗 存活
17 慢性髓细胞白血病 慢性期 13+5 16+6 化疗 引产 化疗 存活
18 慢性髓细胞白血病 慢性期 12+6 19 化疗 引产 化疗 存活
19 慢性髓细胞白血病 慢性期 10+6 11+3 化疗 引产 化疗 存活
20 慢性髓细胞白血病 慢性期 24+4 25+6 化疗 剖宫取胎 化疗 存活
21 慢性髓细胞白血病 急变期 6+4 9+6 化疗 人工流产 化疗 存活
22 慢性髓细胞白血病 慢性期 14+1 19+4 化疗 引产 化疗 存活
23 肾嫌色细胞癌 pT2aN0M0 剖宫产术后12 d 39+2 未治疗 剖宫产 手术 存活
24 肝细胞癌 cT4N1M1 39+3 39+3 未治疗 剖宫产 手术+化疗 存活
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