2025 , Vol. 14 >Issue 02: 102 - 105
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3259.2025.02.007
妊娠合并自发性脾破裂临床研究
Copy editor: 黄琰 , 郎素慧
收稿日期: 2024-04-25
网络出版日期: 2025-06-20
基金资助
陕西省卫生健康委科研基金项目(2022A023)
版权
Clinical study on spontaneous splenic rupture during pregnancy
Received date: 2024-04-25
Online published: 2025-06-20
Copyright
目的
分析妊娠合并自发性脾破裂患者的临床表现、诊治过程、母儿预后,探讨治疗经验。
方法
回顾性分析2018年1月至2023年12月在我院常规产前检查的5例妊娠合并自发性脾破裂患者的临床资料,对患者的年龄、脾破裂发生时孕周、胎产次、既往病史、妊娠合并症、既往分娩方式、有无基础疾病、临床表现、辅助检查结果、治疗过程和预后等临床特点进行分析。
结果
脾破裂均发生于妊娠中、晚期,以突发腹痛为主要症状,很快出现不同程度的休克。5例患者均急诊行脾切除治疗,术后恢复良好。脾切除同时行剖宫产4例,其中1例胎儿宫内死亡;单纯行脾切除1例,胎儿妊娠足月后剖宫产娩出。
结论
妊娠合并自发性脾破裂容易误诊,有腹腔手术史的妊娠中、晚期孕妇,因急腹症就诊者需考虑自发性脾破裂的可能。及时抗休克治疗的同时,剖腹探查并切除脾脏,可避免母儿不良预后的发生。
孙柏平 , 徐心 , 徐泉 , 贺译平 , 张娟娟 , 董晋 . 妊娠合并自发性脾破裂临床研究[J]. 中华产科急救电子杂志, 2025 , 14(02) : 102 -105 . DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3259.2025.02.007
Objective
To analyze the clinical manifestations,diagnosis and treatment process,maternal and fetal prognosis of spontaneous splenic rupture in pregnancy,and to summarize treatment experience.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 5 pregnant patients with spontaneous splenic rupture who were registered and underwent routine prenatal examinations in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2023.Clinical parameters recorded and analyzed included:maternal age,gestational age at the time of splenic rupture,parity,medical history,pregnancy complications,previous delivery mode,presence of underlying diseases,clinical manifestations and auxiliary examination results,treatment process,and prognosis,respectively.
Results
Splenic rupture occurs in the second and third trimester of pregnancy,with sudden abdominal pain as the main symptom,and soon leading to varying degrees of shock.All 5 patients underwent emergency splenectomy and recovered well after surgery.Four cases underwent splenectomy and cesarean section simultaneously,of which one fetus died in the uterus.One case underwent simple splenectomy,and the fetus was delivered by cesarean section after full term pregnancy.
Conclusions
Spontaneous splenic rupture of pregnancy is prone to misdiagnosis.Pregnant women with a history of abdominal surgery in the second and third trimester of pregnancy exhibiting acute abdomen are demanded to consider the possibility of spontaneous splenic rupture.Treating shock promptly while exploring laparotomy urgently and splenectomy are performed to avoid maternal and fetal adverse prognosis.
Key words: Pregnancy; Spleen; Rupture,spontaneous; Diagnosis; Therapeutics
表1 5例妊娠合并自发性脾破裂患者临床情况及围产儿结局 |
病例 | 孕次/产次(次) | 脾破裂时间(孕周) | 妇科手术史 | 临床表现 | 手术切口 | 脾破裂位置 | 出血量(ml) | 围产儿结局 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1/0 | 34+2 | 无 | 晚饭后突发左肋下疼痛5h | 下腹横切口+左肋缘下 | 近脾门处10cm裂口 | 3000 | 早产 |
2 | 4/1 | 28+4 | 剖宫产1次,人工流产2次 | 晚饭2h、小便1h后突发下腹痛,伴心慌、头晕1h | 纵行切口+左肋缘下 | 脾蒂内血管破裂 | 15000 | 死胎 |
3 | 2/0 | 38 | 稽留流产,药物流产+清宫 | 不规律腹痛7h | 纵行切口 | 脾中下极近脾门处2cm×1.5cm裂开 | 4000 | 活产 |
4 | 5/2 | 27+5 | 人工流产2次,剖宫产2次 | 晚饭后突发右腹痛6h,有低热 | 右下腹+左肋缘下 | 脾门1.5cm皱褶内1.0cm长裂口 | 3000 | 活产a |
5 | 1/0 | 31+1 | 腹腔镜卵巢囊肿剥除术 | 腹泻1d,腹痛伴恶心、呕吐8h | 下腹横切口+左肋缘下 | 脾脏下极脾肾韧带部位撕裂,2.5cm×2cm | 2000 | 早产 |
注:a患者脾切除术后继续妊娠至37周足月后剖宫产娩出 |
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