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中华产科急救电子杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (01) : 50 -53. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3259.2023.01.011

病例报告

体外膜肺氧合术用于救治妊娠期重症肺炎一例
王颖, 张舒沁, 李璐瑶, 魏瑗, 张龑, 赵扬玉()   
  1. 100191 北京大学第三医院妇产科
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-28 出版日期:2023-02-18
  • 通信作者: 赵扬玉
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2701500)

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe pneumonia during pregnancy: a case report

Ying Wang, Shuqin Zhang, Luyao Li   

  • Received:2022-08-28 Published:2023-02-18
引用本文:

王颖, 张舒沁, 李璐瑶, 魏瑗, 张龑, 赵扬玉. 体外膜肺氧合术用于救治妊娠期重症肺炎一例[J]. 中华产科急救电子杂志, 2023, 12(01): 50-53.

Ying Wang, Shuqin Zhang, Luyao Li. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe pneumonia during pregnancy: a case report[J]. Chinese Journal of Obstetric Emergency(Electronic Edition), 2023, 12(01): 50-53.

患者31岁,妊1产0,主因"停经27+2周,间断发热3 d,呼吸困难1 d"于2022年1月20日急诊收入我院。患者既往体健,平素月经规律。停经12+6周超声检查胎儿颈项透明层1.5 mm,核对预产期准确。孕17+周无创产前筛查低风险。孕25+周行口服葡萄糖糖耐量试验,空腹为4.3 mmol/L,餐后1 h为11.1 mmol/L,餐后2 h为9.2 mmol/L,诊断为妊娠期糖尿病,予饮食控制+运动,血糖控制好。入院前3 d出现发热,体温最高39.6 ℃,伴鼻塞、流涕、咳嗽,无咳痰、胸痛及呼吸困难,无腹痛和阴道出血,发热急诊就诊。查白细胞(white blood cell,WBC)5.64×109/L,中性粒细胞百分比(percentage of neutrophils,Neu%) 88%,血红蛋白(Hemoglobin,HGB) 123 g/L,血小板(Platelet,PLT)164×109/L,C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)13.1 mg/L,降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT) 0.07 ng/ml,甲、乙型流感抗体筛查及新冠病毒核酸测定均阴性。考虑病毒性上呼吸道感染可能性大,予物理降温和口服退热药物治疗后体温大致正常,后未复诊。入院前一天出现呼吸困难,未诊治;因夜间呼吸困难加重,当晚急诊就诊,查末梢血氧饱和度64%,呼吸50次/min,心率131次/min,血压138/104 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),口唇发绀,呼吸困难,紧急入抢救室并提请全院会诊,予面罩吸氧,完善血常规、病毒、生化、血气分析等检查,血气分析回报:pH 7.29,动脉氧分压(arterial oxygen partial pressure,PaO2) 37 mmHg,动脉二氧化碳分压(arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure, PaCO2) 34.1 mmHg,钾离子浓度(potassium ion concentration,K+) 3.63 mmol/L,乳酸浓度(lactic acid concentration,Lac) 12 mmol/L。氧合指数62 mmHg,考虑重症肺炎,收入重症监护病房(intensive care unit,ICU)。入院诊断:(1)宫内孕27+2周,妊1产0;(2)重症肺炎;(3)急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distresssyndrome,ARDS);(4)妊娠期糖尿病。

图1 妊娠期重症肺炎患者ECMO治疗前后及剖宫产术后肺部CT图像。A:入院当日双肺炎症,左肺为著,心包及左侧胸腔少量积液(箭头所示);B:剖宫产术后2周双肺多发渗出、实变,右下肺较前吸收(箭头所示);C:剖宫产术后1个月逐渐恢复(箭头所示);D:剖宫产术后5个月恢复
图2 妊娠期重症肺炎患者剖宫产术后腹壁血肿的超声图像。A:剖宫产术后8 d发现子宫前方囊实性包块,范围约15 cm×9 cm,边界清,未见明显血流信号(线段圈出部位所示);B:剖宫产术后2个月复查腹壁血肿较前缩小(线段圈出部位所示)
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