Birth asphyxia is the main cause of neonatal disability and deaths. Fetal or neonatal acidosis can be caused by hypoxia, and further lead to multiple organ damage, even cerebral palsy or death. The progress of neonatal resuscitation methods includes: (1) Recommend 21% oxygen for initial resuscitation of term infants and use a blender to titrate inspired oxygen based on pulse oximeter values. (2) Use the positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) preferably with a T-piece resuscitator. (3) If possible, monitor the heart rate by 3 channel digital electrocardiogram and monitor the oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter. (4) If the heart rate is less than 60 beats per min after effective positive pressure ventilation, tracheal intubation should be performed immediately. During positive pressure ventilation, chest compression with two-thumb technique should be carried out at the same time. (5) After positive pressure ventilation and chest compression, the heart rate last less than 60 beats per min, epinephrine should be administered via umbilical vein or endotracheal route. (6) Strategy of MRSOPA is used to improve ventilation.