To analyze the disease spectrum, clinical characteristics, treatment strategies, and maternal-fetal outcomes of pregnancy complicated with malignancy, so as to provide evidence for multidisciplinary collaboration in clinical practice to improve the diagnosis rate and optimize maternal-fetal prognosis.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 50 cases of pregnancy associated with malignancy admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) from February 2015 to August 2025. The tumor types, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, treatment strategies, and pregnancy outcomes were summarized.

Among the 50 patients with malignancies, the most common were hematological tumors(17/50, 34.0%), followed by cervical cancer(6/50, 12.0%), breast cancer(5/50, 10.0%), and ovarian cancer(4/50, 8.0%).Two cases were definitively diagnosed after delivery. Twenty-two patients terminated their pregnancy (22/50, 44.0%), including 21 cases of pregnancy termination and 1 case of death after definitive diagnosis. Twenty-six patients continued their pregnancies (26/50, 52.0%), including 17 preterm births and 9 full-term deliveries. Among those who continued pregnancy, 12 (12/50, 24.0%) received treatment during gestation (5 underwent surgery and 7 received chemotherapy). As of the follow-up date, 39 patients survived (78.0%), 7 died (14.0%), and 4 were lost to follow-up (8.0%). Of the 28 newborns, 2 were lost to follow-up, and the remaining survived with no obvious abnormalities in growth and development.

Clinical manifestations of malignant tumors during pregnancy are easily confused with physiological changes of pregnancy. Early diagnosis relies on vigilance toward abnormal symptoms and targeted examinations. Treatment should be individualized by a multidisciplinary team based on tumor type, stage, and gestational age. Malignant tumor is not an indication for pregnancy termination. With appropriate management such as standardized surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy, tumor control can be achieved while continuing pregnancy to obtain healthy offspring, realizing the dual goals of maternal treatment and fetal safety.