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中华产科急救电子杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (03) : 168 -175. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3259.2024.03.008

论著

经辅助生殖技术妊娠患者早产的影响因素分析
粟睿1, 周璇1, 杨殊琳1, 方晨韵1, 陈素华1, 邓东锐1, 曾万江1, 刘海意1, 龚洵1, 吴媛媛1, 刘燕燕1, 肖娟1, 余俊1, 何梦舟1, 李淑芳1, 王子琢1, 林星光1, 乌剑利1, 王少帅1, 岳静1, 靳镭1, 冯玲1, 丁文成1,()   
  1. 1. 430030 武汉,华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院妇产科
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-01 出版日期:2024-08-18
  • 通信作者: 丁文成
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2704702)

Analysis of influencing factors of premature birth in pregnant patients with assisted reproductive technology.

Rui Su1, Xuan Zhou1, Shulin Yang1, Chenyun Fang1, Suhua Chen1, Dongrui Deng1, Wanjiang Zeng1, Haiyi Liu1, Xun Gong1, Yuanyuan Wu1, Yanyan Liu1, Juan Xiao1, Jun Yu1, Mengzhou He1, Shufang Li1, Zizhuo Wang1, Xingguang Lin1, Jianli Wu1, Shaoshuai Wang1, Jing Yue1, Lei Jin1, Ling Feng1, Wencheng Ding1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
  • Received:2024-04-01 Published:2024-08-18
  • Corresponding author: Wencheng Ding
引用本文:

粟睿, 周璇, 杨殊琳, 方晨韵, 陈素华, 邓东锐, 曾万江, 刘海意, 龚洵, 吴媛媛, 刘燕燕, 肖娟, 余俊, 何梦舟, 李淑芳, 王子琢, 林星光, 乌剑利, 王少帅, 岳静, 靳镭, 冯玲, 丁文成. 经辅助生殖技术妊娠患者早产的影响因素分析[J/OL]. 中华产科急救电子杂志, 2024, 13(03): 168-175.

Rui Su, Xuan Zhou, Shulin Yang, Chenyun Fang, Suhua Chen, Dongrui Deng, Wanjiang Zeng, Haiyi Liu, Xun Gong, Yuanyuan Wu, Yanyan Liu, Juan Xiao, Jun Yu, Mengzhou He, Shufang Li, Zizhuo Wang, Xingguang Lin, Jianli Wu, Shaoshuai Wang, Jing Yue, Lei Jin, Ling Feng, Wencheng Ding. Analysis of influencing factors of premature birth in pregnant patients with assisted reproductive technology.[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Obstetric Emergency(Electronic Edition), 2024, 13(03): 168-175.

目的

探讨经辅助生殖技术(assisted reproductive technology,ART)妊娠患者发生早产的影响因素。

方法

选取2022年1月至2023年12月期间在华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院产科分娩的ART患者369例,其中早产者189例(早产组),足月分娩者180例(足月分娩组)。分析两组患者的一般资料、ART相关资料、妊娠期并发症、合并症以及新生儿情况,通过t检验和卡方检验分析两组间差异,通过Logistic回归分析影响早产的独立危险因素。

结果

早产组与足月分娩组比较,双胎妊娠率(40.7% vs 3.9%, χ2=71.212)、孕前体质指数[(22.78±3.71) kg/m2 vs (21.62±3.12) kg/m2t=-2.952]、原发不孕(63.8% vs 35.9%, χ2=21.069)、体外受精(62.1% vs 42.2%, χ2=10.491)、获卵数[(13.94±8.72)个vs (13.54±7.28)个,t=-0.402]、人绒毛膜促性腺激素注射日雌二醇水平[(2906.5±1892.0)pg/ml vs (2598.18±1456.5)pg/ml,t=-1.493]、胎膜早破(9.5% vs 0, χ2=18.022)、妊娠期高血压疾病(16.9% vs 6.1%, χ2=10.484)、宫颈机能不全(6.3% vs 0.6%, χ2=9.105)以及卵巢相关疾病(6.3% vs 1.7%, χ2=5.184)方面的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析提示双胎妊娠(OR=25.637,95%CI:8.782~74.844,P<0.001)、妊娠期高血压疾病(OR=2.809,95%CI: 1.149~6.865,P<0.05)孕妇发生早产的风险显著增加。

结论

双胎妊娠、孕前超重和肥胖、原发不孕史、应用体外受精技术、获卵数多、人绒毛膜促性腺激素注射日雌二醇高水平、妊娠期高血压疾病、胎膜早破、宫颈机能不全、卵巢相关疾病均为ART妊娠患者早产的影响因素,其中妊娠期高血压疾病、双胎妊娠为ART患者早产的独立影响因素。

Objective

This study aims to investigate the factors inducing premature birth among women undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatments.

Methods

The data of 369 pregnant patients who underwent ART delivered at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, from Jan. 2022 to Dec. 2023 were selected in the study. Patients were divided into two groups: premature birth group (n=189) and term delivery group (n=180). General data, ART-related materials, pregnancy complications, comorbidities, and neonatal status were examined in both groups. Differences between the groups were assessed using t-tests and chi-square tests. The logistic regression was utilized to identify independent risk factors for premature birth.

Results

There were statistically significant differences in the rate of twin pregnancies (40.7% vs 3.9%, χ2=71.212), pre-pregnancy body mass index [(22.78±3.71) kg/m2 vs (21.62±3.12) kg/m2, t=-2.952], primary infertility (63.8% vs 35.9%, χ2=21.069), in vitro fertilization (62.1% vs 42.2%, χ2=10.491), numbers of retrieved oocytes [(13.94±8.72) vs (13.54±7.28), t=-0.402], estradiol (E2) levels at the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) administration [(2906.5±1892.0) pg/ml vs (2598.18±1456.5) pg/ml, t=-1.493], premature rupture of membranes (9.5% vs 0, χ2=18.022), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (16.9% vs 6.1%, χ2=10.484), cervical insufficiency (6.3% vs 0.6%, χ2=9.105), and ovary-related disorders (6.3% vs 1.7%, χ2=5.184) in the premature birth group and term delivery group (P<0.05). The multivariate logistic regressive analysis showed that the risks of premature birth of pregnant women with twin pregnancies (OR=25.637, 95%CI: 8.782~74.844, P<0.001) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (OR=2.809, 95%CI: 1.149~6.865, P<0.05) were significantly increased.

Conclusions

Twin pregnancies, overweight and obesity in pre-pregnancy, history of primary infertility, application of in vitro fertilization, increased numbers of retrieved oocytes, elevated E2 levels at the day of HCG administration, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, premature rupture of membranes, cervical insufficiency, and ovary-related disorders are all the influenced factors of premature birth with ART. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and twin pregnancies are the factors independently affecting the premature birth.

表1 两组患者一般资料的比较
表2 两组患者孕前BMI分析结果
表3 两组患者ART技术助孕相关资料的比较
表4 两组患者妊娠期并发症和合并症的比较[例数(%)]
表5 两组患者新生儿情况的比较
表6 ART妊娠患者早产高危因素的Logistic回归分析
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