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中华产科急救电子杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (03) : 176 -182. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3259.2024.03.009

论著

体外受精-胚胎移植妊娠合并前置胎盘临床研究
洪凡1, 陈敦金1, 傅洋1, 梁新月1, 吴毅1, 王晓怡1,()   
  1. 1. 510150 广州医科大学附属第三医院妇产科 广东省产科重大疾病重点实验室 广东省妇产疾病临床医学研究中心 粤港澳母胎医学高校联合实验室
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-15 出版日期:2024-08-18
  • 通信作者: 王晓怡
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2704500)

Clinical study of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer pregnancy complicated with placenta previa

Fan Hong1, Dunjin Chen1, Yang Fu1, Xinyue Liang1, Yi Wu1, Xiaoyi Wang1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou 510150, China
  • Received:2024-03-15 Published:2024-08-18
  • Corresponding author: Xiaoyi Wang
引用本文:

洪凡, 陈敦金, 傅洋, 梁新月, 吴毅, 王晓怡. 体外受精-胚胎移植妊娠合并前置胎盘临床研究[J]. 中华产科急救电子杂志, 2024, 13(03): 176-182.

Fan Hong, Dunjin Chen, Yang Fu, Xinyue Liang, Yi Wu, Xiaoyi Wang. Clinical study of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer pregnancy complicated with placenta previa[J]. Chinese Journal of Obstetric Emergency(Electronic Edition), 2024, 13(03): 176-182.

目的

探讨经体外受精-胚胎移植妊娠的孕妇发生前置胎盘的危险因素及其妊娠结局。

方法

收集2018年1月至2023年12月于我院行体外受精-胚胎移植后妊娠并住院分娩的5401例产妇的临床资料,其中合并前置胎盘者192例为研究组,5209例非前置胎盘者为对照组;分析两组患者的临床资料和母婴结局。

结果

研究组与对照组比较,孕妇年龄≥35岁(47.40% vs 37.82%, χ2=7.20)、剖宫产史(19.79% vs 9.50%, χ2=22.04)、产次≥1次(38.54% vs 24.75%, χ2=18.68)、多囊卵巢综合征(8.33% vs 16.74%, χ2=9.53)、卵巢储备减少(8.85% vs 5.39%, χ2=4.25)、男性因素不孕(22.40% vs 29.33%, χ2=4.32)和子宫内膜异位症(21.88% vs 8.49%, χ2=40.69)方面的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。进一步多因素logistic回归分析显示,多产次(OR=1.54,95%CI:1.05~2.27,P<0.05)和子宫内膜异位症(OR=2.88,95%CI:1.99~4.16,P<0.05)是体外受精-胚胎移植妊娠的孕妇发生前置胎盘的独立危险因素,而多囊卵巢综合征(OR=0.55,95%CI:0.33~0.94,P<0.05)是保护因素;研究组与对照组的住院天数[(9.19±6.60)d vs (6.10±4.62)d,t=25.51]、产后出血量[(727.85±507.12)ml vs(498.34±250.54)ml,t=96.38]、产后出血率(18.23 % vs 11.19%, χ2=9.05)、新生儿体质量[(2668.35±641.00)g vs(2801.91±697.68)g,t=5.44]比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论

多产次和子宫内膜异位症是体外受精-胚胎移植妊娠患者发生前置胎盘的独立危险因素,多囊卵巢综合征为保护因素。前置胎盘患者不良妊娠结局更多,住院时间更长、产后出血量更大、产后出血率更高、新生儿体质量更低,前置胎盘的发生可增加住院时间、产后出血率及低出生体重儿,应严格把握体外受精-胚胎移植指征,加强对前置胎盘患者的管理。

Objective

To explore the risk factors and delivery outcomes of placenta previa during in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer.

Methods

Collect the clinical data of 5401 women who had assisted reproductive technology pregnancy in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2023 and delivered in hospital. Among them, 192 patients with placenta previa were the study group and 5209 patients with non-placenta previa were the control group. Compare the general clinical data and maternal and infant outcomes between two groups of patients.

Results

Compared with the control group, the age≥35(47.40% vs 37.82%, χ2=7.20), cesarean section history (19.79% vs 9.50%, χ2=22.04), parity≥1 (38.54% vs 24.75%, χ2=18.68), polycystic ovary syndrome (8.33% vs 16.74%, χ2=9.53), reduced ovarian reserve (8.85% vs 5.39% χ2=4.25), male factor infertility (22.40% vs 29.33%, χ2=4.32), and the incidence of endometriosis (21.88% vs 8.49%, χ2=40.69) were significantly different (P<0.05). Further multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that excessive labor (OR=1.54, 95%CI: 1.05~2.27, P<0.05) and endometriosis (OR=2.88, 95%CI: 1.99~4.16, P<0.05) were independent risk factors for placenta previa in pregnant women undergoing IVF embryo transfer pregnancy, while polycystic ovary syndrome (OR=0.55, 95%CI: 0.33~0.94, P<0.05) was the protective factor. The hospital days [(9.19±6.60)d vs (6.10±4.62)d, t=25.51], intraoperative blood loss [(727.85±507.12)ml vs (498.34±250.54)ml, t=96.38], postpartum bleeding rate (18.23% vs 11.19%, χ2=9.05), and birth weight [(2668.35±641.00)g vs (2801.91±697.68)g, t=5.44] showed significant differents between the study group and the control group (P<0.05).

Conclusions

Multiparity and endometriosis are independent risk factors for placenta previa in pregnancy patients with in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer, and polycystic ovary syndrome is a protective factor. Plenta previa patients have more adverse pregnancy outcomes, longer hospitalization, the postpartum bleeding larger, postpartum bleeding rate is higher, and newborn body quality is lower, the occurrence of placenta previa can increase the hospital stay, postpartum bleeding rate and low birth quality, should strictly grasp the in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer indications, strengthen the management of patients with placenta previa.

表1 两组患者一般情况的比较[例(%)]
表2 两组患者不孕原因的比较[例(%)]
表3 两组患者移植周期和胚胎因素的比较[例(%)]
表4 各指标与胎盘植入的多因素相关性分析
表5 两组患者母婴结局的比较
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