Group B Streptococcus(GBS) is identified as the leading cause of neonatal severe infectious disease. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis demonstrates can effectively reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality in GBS-colonized mothers during labor or complicating with premature rupture of membrane. The timing of prevent treatment and choice of antibiotics are the key points of the effectiveness. The high-risk factors of GBS-colonized pregnant women are reproductive tract infections, bleeding during pregnancy, obesity and diabetes. The high-risk factors of mother-child GBS infections are rupture of fetal membrane more than 18 hours, too many vaginal examination, premature birth and preterm premature rupture of membranes. At present, there is a lack of standardized measures for prevention and treatment of GBS in China. In good conditional hospital, pregnant women should take GBS screening at gestation of 35-37 weeks. Prevention of maternal and fetal infection in premature birth and preterm premature rupture of membranes patients should be taken seriously.