Electronic fetal heart monitoring (EFM) is one of the most commonly used methods in obstetrics to evaluate fetal conditions in utero. However, contrary to expectations, although EFM can effectively identify fetal hypoxia, it does not seem to reduce the incidence of cerebral palsy in newborns. Whether EFM can reduce cerebral palsy and stillbirth is still a matter of great debate. And both routine EFM and sustained EFM at admission may lead to an increase in cesarean section rates, especially for low-risk pregnancies. This paper summarizes the research of fetal heart monitoring in recent years, hoping to provide new ideas for clinical work.