Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific syndrome that may affect intrauterine fetal development through mechanisms including inadequate placental perfusion, angiogenic imbalance, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Its effects on offspring health extends beyond the perinatal period and may persist into childhood, adolescence, and even adulthood. This review discusses the associations of preeclampsia with fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, adverse perinatal outcomes, and increased long-term risks of cardiovascular, metabolic, neurodevelopmental, respiratory, and renal diseases in offspring. The management of high-risk populations and the importance of long-term follow-up are also addressed.