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Chinese Journal of Obstetric Emergency(Electronic Edition) ›› 2024, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (04): 220-226. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3259.2024.04.006

• Original Articles • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Clinical study on the risk of pregnancy and perinatal period after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfe

Wenyan Wang1, Jianlan Zheng1,(), Lici Zhu1   

  1. 1.Department of Obstetrics,Army Group 73th Military Hospital,Xiamen University Affiliated Chenggong Hospital,Xiamen 361003,China
  • Received:2024-01-04 Online:2024-11-18 Published:2024-12-12
  • Contact: Jianlan Zheng

Abstract:

Objective

To analyze the risk of pregnancy after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted to select a total of 2729 pregnant women who gave birth in our hospital from January 2022 to July 2023,including 254 pregnant women after IVF-ET(including 148 single and 106 twin births after IVF-ET)and 2475 cases of naturally conceived pregnant women(including 2455 cases of naturally conceived single and 20 cases of naturally conceived twin).They were divided into four groups according to the method of conception and the number of fetuses:After the IVF-ET single group,naturally conceived single group,IVF-ET twin group,and naturally conceived twin group,the general conditions,complications,and comorbiditions(pregnancy-induced hypertension,gestational diabetes, premature rupture of membranes, premature delivery, anemia, placental abnormalities,postpartum hemorrhage,low birth weight infants)and delivery mode of the four groups were compared.

Results

(1)The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus(29.1% vs 16.3%,χ2=15.964)、placental abnormality(13.5% vs 1.4%,χ2=95.193)、postpartum hemorrhage(9.5% vs 5.2%,χ2=4.878)and cesarean section(38.5% vs 30.3%,χ2=15.964)in single pregnancy after IVF-ET was higher than that in natural single pregnancy(P<0.05).(2)The incidence of premature rupture of membranes in the natural conception twin group(30.0% vs 6.6%,χ2=7.586)was higher than that in the IVF-ET twin group,and the incidence of premature rupture of membranes in the IVF-ET single group(14.9 vs 6.6%,χ2=4.168)was higher than that in the IVF-ET twin group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(3)In the twin after IVF-ET,the rates of hypertensive disease during pregnancy(15.1% vs 2.0%,χ2=15.239),preterm birth(33.0% vs 6.8%,χ2=29.221),anemia(24.5% vs6.1%,χ2=17.691),low birth weight infants(34.9% vs1.4%,χ2=53.505)and cesarean section(74.5% vs38.5%,χ2=32.206)were higher than those in the single group after IVFET(P<0.05).

Conclusions

The incidence of gestational diabetes,placental abnormalities,postpartum hemorrhage,and cesarean section were higher in single pregnancy after IVF-ET than in natural single pregnancy.Compared with the single pregnancy of IVF-ET,the gestational week of delivery of the twin pregnancies after IVF-ET is lower,but the incidence rate of hypertensive diseases,premature delivery,anemia,low birth weight infants,and cesarean section is higher.The risk of pregnancy after IVF-ET,especially the twin pregnancies after IVF-FT,should be correctly evaluated,and the prevention and treatment of complications and prenatal and intra-partum monitoring should be strengthened.At the same time,it is recommended to limit the number of embryos transferred,which is helpful to reduce the incidence of twin pregnancies and complications after IVF-ET and improve the outcome of mother and child.

Key words: Fertilization in vitro, Embryo transfer, Pregnancy,twin, Pregnancy outcome

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